1. America is thought to have been found by Colombus before others

cấu trúc câu bị động kép

2. One of the boys suggested going to the theatre that night

suggest + V-ing: đề xuất làm việc gì, và vì là dạng tường thuật gián tiếp nên tonight -> that night

3. If I hadn't missed the bus, I wouldn't have been late for the meeting

câu điều kiện loại 3 (giả định về 1 tình huống không có thật trong quá khứ)

4. She asked, "How much does the Colombian coffee cost?"

dạng tường thuật gián tiếp chia quá khứ đơn nên dạng tường thuật trực tiếp chia thì hiện tại đơn (vì khi chuyển từ trực tiếp -> gián tiếp phải lùi 1 thì)

5. Having had nothing else to do, we decided to go for a walk

sử dụng mệnh đề phân từ hoàn thành (Having + quá khứ phân từ của động từ) để nói về lý do cho hành động trong mệnh đề chính (2 mệnh đề này phải cùng chủ ngữ)

1.   Without the help that Joe gave me, I don't think I would have finished the course. been

=> If it hadn't been for the help that Joe gave me , I don't think I would have finished the course.

If it hadn't been for + cụm danh từ: nếu không phải vì

2.   Susan doesn't intend to climb that mountain again. has

=> Susan has no intention of climbing that mountain again.

not intend to do sth = have no intention of doing sth: không có ý định làm gì

3.   After a long hard journey, I cheered up when I saw my home again. sight

=> After a long hard journey, I cheered up at the sight of my home again.

at the sight of sth: khi nhìn thấy cái gì (= when sb see sth)

4.   I promised him that the situation would not be repeated in the future. word

=> I gave him my word of honor/honour that there would be no repetition of the situation in the future.

to give sb one's word of honor/honour that + mệnh đề: hứa với ai (theo cách trang trọng)

5.   Dario was just about to leave for the theatre when the phone rang. point

=> Dario was on the point of leaving for the theatre when the phone rang.

be about to do sth = be on the point/verge of doing sth: sắp/chuẩn bị làm gì (thì có hành động khác xen vào)

À mình nhầm chút:

3.   After a long hard journey, I cheered up when I saw my home again. sight

=> After a long hard journey, I cheered up when I caught sight of my home again.

to catch sight of sb/sth: khi nhìn thấy ai/cái gì (= to see sb/sth)

1.   Without the help that Joe gave me, I don't think I would have finished the course. been

=> If it..........hadn't been for Joe's help...................................... , I don't think I would have finished the course.

Cấu trúc khác của đk loại 3, ngoài without thì còn:

If it hadn't been for N, ......

2.   Susan doesn't intend to climb that mountain again. has

=> Susan........has no intention of climbing........................................ that mountain again.

Cấu trúc do/does not intend to V = have/has no intention of doing st

3.   After a long hard journey, I cheered up when I saw my home again. sight

=> After a long hard journey, I cheered up..............when I caught sight ................................... of my home again.

có saw = caught sight nhé

4.   I promised him that the situation would not be repeated in the future. word

=> I.............gave him my word............................. that there would be no repetition of the situation in the future.

Give sb word = promise : hứa

5.   Dario was just about to leave for the theatre when the phone rang. point

=> Dario.............was on the point of leaving................................... for the theatre when the phone rang.

1.      She……………..him of lying to her.

A.   accused         B. blamed           C. threatened          D. criticized

accuse sb of st/Ving: buộc tội ai vì đã làm gì

2.      Losing my job was a great shock, but I think I’m………………it.

A.   seeing to    B. putting up with    C. getting over   D. standing for

(vượt qua bệnh tật/tình cảnh khó khăn)

3.      Judo was………………….developed in Japan in the late 19^th century.

A.   origin         B. original                      C. originally                   D. originated

cần 1 trạng từ bổ nghĩa cho động từ developed

4.      His parents never allowed him…………………..

A.   smoke         B. smoking     C. smoked          D. to smoke

allow sb to V: cho phép ai làm gì

5.      One of the solutions………………by environmentalists is to ban vehicles from the city center.

A.   are suggested      B. is suggested      C. suggesting                 D. suggested

dạng bị động; one of => chia số ít

6.      …………………where to find the key, the boy could not open the safe.

A.   Knowing not       B. Knew not       C. Not knowing     D. Didn’t know

Not Ving

7.      They received……………….advice from their parents that they became successful.

A.   so good              B. such a good     C. so good an     D. such good

cấu trúc so...that: S+V so adj + a/an + N số ít + that S+V.

8.      The earlier she leaves……………..

A.   the sooner she will arrive            B. the soonest she will arrive

C. she will soon arrive                                             D. she will arrive sooner

(so sánh đồng tiến)

9.      Sue has been our next-door neighbor for years; ………………            .

A.   and we hardly ever see her             B. therefore, she never sees us

C. so we hardly ever see her            D. however, we hardly ever see her

dựa vào ngữ cảnh và dấu chấm phẩy => however

10.  A lot of progress has been …………..   since the country became independent

A.   created           B. done              C. built               D. made

make progress: tiến bộ

11.  Don’t let a good chance…………….

A.   go by        B. go off           C. go down             D. go over

(trôi đi, vuột mất)

12.  Mr. Brown’s …………………of humor distinguishes him from others.

A.   feeling        B. sense          C. hobby       D. temper

sense of humor: khiếu hài hước

13.  He has two children and he loves………………..

A.   them both         B. them each      C. all of them     D. every one of them

đối tượng có 2 người/vật dùng both; còn nhiều hơn 2 thì dùng all of

14.  Where have you been? I have been trying………………you for nearly an hour.

A.   saw        B. phone      C. to phone        D. for phoning

try to V: cố gắng làm gì

15.  These clothes need…………………..immediately.

A.   be washed        B. washing         C. washed       D. to wash

need Ving = need to be Vp2: cần được làm gì (bị động)

16.  If I were ten years younger, I……………………to drive a car.

A.   am learning      B. will learn     C. would learn               D. learnt

(câu điều kiện loại 2 chỉ điều ước ko có thật ở thực tại)

17.  Although Tom is intelligent,………………      .

A.   he doesn’t do well at school             B. but he doesn’t do well at school

C. however he does well at school            D. the fact that he does well at school

Although S+V, S+V.

18.  There was ……………………rain last week that several roads were flooded.

A.   so many             B. so much            C. such many                 D. such much

rain ko đếm được => dùng much. sử dụng cấu trúc so... that... nhé

19.  The teacher encouraged the students to speak.

A.   required                        B. persuaded                  C. stimulated      D. forced

(khuyến khích, kích thích)

20.  Approximately half the people interviewed were in manual occupations.

A.   hobbies                         B. careers                       C. jobs                D. visits

(nghề nghiệp)

1. I do not feel like going out this afternoon

feel like + V-ing: cảm thấy muốn làm gì đó

2. However hard Adele tries, she doesn't get anywhere

however + adj/adv + S + V: dù...thế nào đi chăng nữa

3. The boss is thought to be considering raising wages 

cấu trúc bị động kép

4. Despite the fact that he was disabled, he sailed around the world 

Despite the fact that + mệnh đề...: Mặc dù/Tuy...nhưng...

5. Should there be any difficulty, you can ring this number

đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 1

1.   I'd rather not go out this afternoon.

=> I do not feel like going out this afternoon 

Cấu trúc: I feel like +V-ing: hứng thú làm gì 

2.   Adele tries hard, but she doesn't get anywhere.

=> However hard Adele tries, she doesn't get anywhere

Cấu trúc đảo ngữ với however: However+adv+S+V, clause

3.   It is thought that the boss is considering raising wages.

=> The boss is thought to be considering raising wages.

Cấu trúc câu bị động với It is thought: S+ tobe+ thought +to V-inf

4.   His disabilities did not prevent him from sailing around the world.

=>Despite the fact that he was disabled, he sailed around the world

Cấu trúc Despite the fact that: Despite the fact that +clause, clause

5.    You can ring this number whenever there is any difficulty

=> Should there is any difficulty, you can ring this number.

Cấu trúc của câu điều kiện loại 1: Should+S+V-bare, S + will/can/may/might...+V

1.I’m feeling a bit…………..the weather, I think I’m getting a cold.

A.   with                        B. for                       C. upon                    D. under

under the weather: cảm thấy không được khỏe

2.The……………listened attentively to every word the vicar said in his sermon.

A.   sightseers               B. congregation (giáo đoàn)         C. spectators             D. audience

3. Luckily I was wearing a seat belt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I…..seriously.

A.   would be injured                                      B. will have been injured

C. will be injured                                         D. would have been injured

(cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 3)

4.…………….I realised the consequences, I would never have contemplated getting involved.

A.   Had                        B. If                         C. When                   D. Unless

(dạng đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 3)

5.We believe that the cumulative effects of renewed prosperity will ……………expectations.

undermine B. overcome   C. surpass                 D. succeed

surpass expectation: vượt qua kì vọng/ ngoài sự mong đợi

6. …………..in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling

$21,000.

A.   Judged the best                                      B. To be judged the best

C. Judging the best                                     D. Having judged the best

bạn tra gg ngữ pháp perfect participle (phân từ hoàn thành): having V_p2/ed để hiểu kĩ nhé

7.Daisy: “What a lovely house you have!” – Mary: “……………...”

A.   Lovely, I think so                                     B. Thank you. Hope you will drop in

C. Of course not, it’s not costly                      D. No problem

8.These seats are……………….for special guests.

A.   preserved               B. reserved              C. retained               D. sustained

be reserved for: dành cho ~

9.My team are unable to agree on whom we should elect to…………….David.

A.   release                   B. replace (thay thế)                C. retire                   D. resign

would you mind if i went out with my friend at night?

would you mind if..........i went out with your friends at night.....................................................?

Would you mind if I went out with my friends at night?

with

Dịch: Anh ta đã khám xét căn hầm với sự trợ giúp của một ngọn đuốc.

1) He made a search of the cellar.......with......... the help of a torch.

with the help of ST : với sự giúp đỡ của cái j

1. If I were Peter, I’d look for another job.

=> I am not Peter, but I think he should look for another job

2.The teacher started to write the lesson plan right after he returned home

=> Hardly did he return home when the teacher started to write the lesson plan

Câu trúc hardly trợ động từ S V when..........

3. We couldn’t get nearer because of the police

=> The police prevented us from getting nearer

prevent sb from V-ing: ngăn không cho ai làm gì

4.They say that Nam is the brightest student in our school

=> No one in our school is said to be as bright as Nam

Trong câu này áp dụng 2 cái: bị động và cấu trúc as adj as

5. I only recognizes him when he came into the room

=> It was only when he came into the room that I recognized him